The electronic devices used in modern microcomputers are: large scale integration and vlSI. Vlsi is an integrated circuit that combines a large number of transistors into a single chip, which is more integrated than lsi.
Introduction to large-scale integrated circuits
Large Scale Integration (LSI) : Usually refers to an integrated circuit that contains 100 to 9999 logic gates (or 1000 to 99999 elements) and integrates more than 1000 electronic components on a chip.
Integrated circuits can be divided into bipolar integrated circuits and unipolar integrated circuits according to the conduction type, they are digital integrated circuits.
Bipolar integrated circuit production process is complex, large power consumption, representing integrated circuit TTL, ECL, HTL, LST-TL, STTL and other types. The production process of unipolar integrated circuit is simple, the power consumption is also low, and it is easy to be made into large-scale integrated circuit. The representative integrated circuit has CMOS, NMOS, PMOS and other types.
Introduction to vlSI
Vlsi refers to an integrated circuit whose integration (the number of components per chip) is greater than 10. Integrated circuits are generally made on a piece of p-type silicon wafer 0.2 ~ 0.5mm thick and an area of about 0.5mm by planar process. A circuit consisting of ten (or more) diodes, resistors, capacitors, and connecting wires can be made on a silicon chip (the substrate of an integrated circuit).
Vlsi was developed in the late 1970s and is mainly used to manufacture memory and microprocessors. The 64K bit RAM is the first generation of very large scale integrated circuits, containing approximately 150,000 components with a line width of 3 microns.
The successful development of vlSI is a leap forward in microelectronics technology, which greatly promotes the progress of electronic technology, thus driving the development of military technology and civil technology. Vlsi has become an important symbol to measure the level of science and technology and industrial development of a country, and it is also a field in which the world's major industrial countries, especially the United States and Japan, compete the most fiercely.
Function characteristics of vlSI
The integration of vlSI has reached 6 million transistors with a line width of 0.3 micron. The electronic equipment manufactured by vlSI is small in size, light in weight, low in power consumption and high in reliability. Using vlSI technology, an electronic subsystem or even the entire electronic system can be "integrated" on a chip to complete information collection, processing, storage and other functions.
Introduction to microcomputer
A microcomputer is a computer with a microprocessor as its CPU. It is characterized by small size, great flexibility, cheap price and easy to use. A common feature of this type of computer is that it takes up very little physical space.
Most of the devices used in microcomputers are tightly packed in a single case, but some devices may be attached outside the case at short distances, such as monitors, keyboards, and mice. Generally speaking, the size of a microcomputer makes it easy to fit on most desktops. In contrast, larger computers like minicomputers, mainframes and supercomputers can take up parts of cabinets or entire rooms
